Yeah that helped.
The important parts were splitting the part into two objects, and saving them as LDraw parts from stud.io itself, rather than as .obj files in the Part Designer.
Here’s my simplified procedure, for anyone else who has the same question:
- Save your part as a 3d object
- Split the part into multiple objects as you would like the colours to be split. This can be done in Blender, though I used Solidworks
- Whatever part(s) you want to be coloured, import them into stud.io as normal, with PartDesigner
- Open the custom part in stud.io and colour it as desired
- Export the coloured part from stud.io as an LDraw part. The custom stud.io part can now be deleted, if desired.
- In PartDesigner, import the coloured LDraw part, as well as the uncoloured “base”
- Arrange the parts so that they line up, and export it all as a new custom part
With this procedure, the uncoloured “base” can still be coloured in stud.io, while whichever parts went through the LDraw procedure will remain their assigned colour.