It was always a bit strange how Kanohi Vahi rusted so quickly when it was only submerged in the Silver Sea for several months. From everything else we have seen, metallic protodermis is not a material that would rust so easily. Its widespread usage in important structures over very long time, not to mention Ga-Matoran masks which are regularly submerged in water - a relatively sudden rusting of Vahi is strange.
Well I have a solution to my own question:
When Vakama found rusted Vahi in Time Trap, it was cracked and leaked time energy, messing with time in its vicinity. It is likely that Vahi sped up the time required for the rusting process, hence its rapid acqusution of new color.
While that is certainly possible, there’s another possibility, one that I discussed in my analysis on protodermis:
Remember that the liquid protodermis canals and chutes used in Metru Nui had pure liquid protodermis.[1] If the source of the rust was from that impure sediment, it wouldn’t be a problem with purified liquid protodermis.
Honestly, we have a more-or-less unique instance of rapid rusting, it’s a mask of Time, attention is drawn to it being damaged and leaking time energy, so… Time-Power-Rapid-Rusting works for me!
(I even wonder if that was Greg’s intended reading)
If it’s only raw liquid protodermis that rusts metallic protodermis, then that would explain why structures and Matoran’s masks are not rusted by the pure liquid protodermis that are in canals and chutes.
As I said, the only instance of natural oxidation in story is the Vahi. We don’t have any other instances to compare it to.
“Steel is a metal that holds a lot of iron, and let’s say, for instance, that steel is constantly surrounded by environmental factors like water and oxygen, the steel may start to see signs of rust in as little as 4-5 days.” (Source)
Of note, Hydraxon’s face plate showed little sign of rust despite being underwater for 1000 years. Maybe a little, but definitely not to the extent of the Vahi.
The only time we’ve seen Hydraxon was in a flashback before he was assigned to the pit. The one we see in 2007 was Dekar transformed by the Ignika. He must have been active for a few days at most, and even then he was adapted to breathe underwater.